HASHMATULLAH OMID; ABDUL MATTEN RANJBAR; ABDUL KHALIL BALKHY. Examining the role of European colonialism in the formation of the political order and borders of the Middle East . British Journal of Philosophy, Sociology and History, [S. l.], v. 6, n. 1, p. 16–30, 2026. DOI: 10.32996/bjpsh.2026.6.1.3. Disponível em: https://al-kindipublishers.org/index.php/bjpsh/article/view/12756. Acesso em: 31 may. 2026.