Leadership and Organizational Resilience in Multinational FMCG Companies Operating in Geopolitically Volatile Environments

Abstract

In this original empirical research, the impact of transformational and adaptive leadership on organizational resilience and firm performance is analyzed for multinational fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) corporations operating within geographically volatile markets. The data for this research were collected through surveys conducted on 328 middle and senior managers employed by Unilever, Nestlé, and Procter & Gamble in Lagos, Nigeria, an emerging economy known for its geographically volatile environment associated with political tensions, monetary crisis, and disruptions in supply chains. It is established through the analysis conducted using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) that transformational leadership (β = 0.44, p < .001) and adaptive leadership (β = 0.39, p < .001) positively affect organizational resilience, mediating the effects of each type of leadership on profitability (β = 0.53), operational effectiveness (β = 0.49), and sustainability (β = 0.46).