Regulating Autonomous AI Agents: Prospects, Hazards, and Policy Structures

Abstract

The emergence of autonomous AI agents—systems proficient in reasoning, planning, and executing intricate tasks with digital tools—signifies a pivotal transformation in automation. In contrast to conventional generative AI, these agents function with considerable autonomy, offering potential productivity enhancements in fields such as healthcare, finance, and education. Nevertheless, their autonomy presents new governance difficulties, encompassing liability, monitoring, and systemic hazards. This study delineates the capabilities of AI agents, assesses their societal ramifications, and proposes a dynamic, evidence-informed governance system. Policymakers should leverage the advantages of AI agents and mitigate dangers through regulatory sandboxes, transparency standards, and international coordination. Our plan prioritizes collaboration among governments, industry, and civil society to guarantee safe, equitable, and innovative deployment of agents.