Farmers' Challenges Arising from the Promotion and Distribution of Low-Quality Improved Seeds in Takhar Province

Abstract

This study investigates the challenges faced by farmers in Takhar Province, Afghanistan, resulting from the distribution of low-quality improved seed varieties. Takhar Province represents one of Afghanistan’s primary agricultural regions, where farming constitutes the livelihood for a substantial portion of the population. Using a quantitative methodology with a descriptive-analytical approach, data was collected from 80 farmers across four districts (Darqad, Baharak, Bangi, and Taloqan) through structured questionnaires and interviews. The research identified multiple deficiencies in the improved seeds distributed by extension institutions, including inadequate physical characteristics (volume and weight), insufficient resistance to environmental and climatic conditions, limited adaptability to diverse soil types, and susceptibility to pests and plant diseases. Statistical analysis revealed that 40% of respondents expressed dissatisfaction with extension services, while 20% indicated they would discontinue using improved seeds from these institutions in the future. Furthermore, 82.5% of farmers reported that extension institutions had not conducted field surveys to evaluate seed performance. The findings suggest that without significant improvements in seed quality and institutional accountability, farmer dissatisfaction may increase substantially, potentially undermining agricultural productivity and economic stability in the region. This research highlights the critical need for enhanced quality control mechanisms, greater transparency in seed promotion, and improved compatibility testing for local environmental conditions.