Confrontation Actions Made by Javanese Women in Mangunwijaya’s Durga Umayi: A Study of Liberal Feminism

Abstract

Liberal feminism puts much effort into manifesting women’s absolute freedom. The research is aimed at disclosing women's confrontation actions to realize freedom and factors encouraging liberal feminism in Durga Umayi, a novel written by Y.B. Mangunwijaya (2018). The novel represents the movement through its characters, especially the main ones, from the perspectives of Javanese women. Using a qualitative approach, the descriptive research explored Durga Umayi to define liberal feminism reflected by confrontation actions made by Javanese women. The results demonstrated diversity in actions motivated by freedom of thought and encouraging factors examined from cultural, psychological, and power aspects.